1. The gearbox is enclosed in an aluminum alloy crankcase bolted to the left end of the engine. The gearbox consists of a main gear and a differential, so this arrangement is often called a gearbox in a block with a drive axle.
2. The movement from the crankshaft is transmitted through the clutch to the input shaft, which has a splined protrusion on which the clutch disc is located. The input shaft runs in sealed ball bearings. From the input shaft, the movement is transmitted to the secondary shaft, one end of which rests on a roller bearing, and the other on a sealed ball bearing. From the output shaft, the movement is transmitted through the drive gear of the final drive to the driven gear of the final drive, which rotates with the differential box and pinions, thus driving the side gears and axle shafts. The rotation of the pinions on the corresponding axle when cornering allows the inner wheel to rotate more slowly than the outer wheel.
3. The primary and secondary shafts are parallel to each other, as well as parallel to the crankshaft and axle shafts, and at the same time, the teeth of their gears are in constant mesh. In the neutral position, the gears on the output shaft turn freely, and therefore the movement cannot be transferred to the final drive.
4. Gear selection is done using the floor lever and gear linkage. The selector rod causes the corresponding shift fork to move the corresponding synchronizer sleeve along the shaft and in doing so lock the corresponding gear gear relative to the synchronizer hub. Since the synchronizer hubs «sitting» on the input shaft splines, this movement locks the gear against the shaft, allowing the transmission of motion. To ensure fast and smooth gear changes, all forward gears are synchronized. Each synchronizer includes blocking rings, spring-loaded lugs, a corresponding gear, and a synchronizer hub and clutch. The synchronizer cones are formed on the mating surfaces of the gear and blocking rings.
5. The models covered in this manual use three different manual transmissions. However, they are all similar in design and principle of operation. All differences that affect the procedures described in this chapter are reflected in the relevant paragraphs.